Abstract

This article examines the importance of incorporating ergonomic principles in the design of office workstations. It focuses on the physical and cognitive effects of the work environment on employees, emphasizing the benefits of implementing research-based ergonomic approaches. The article reviews current research in the field, presents guiding principles for ergonomic design, and highlights the importance of personalization and flexibility in workstation design. Additionally, it discusses the economic and health implications of implementing these principles, addressing challenges and opportunities in this field.

Introduction

In the modern era, where most workers spend long hours sitting in front of computers, office workstation design has become critical for maintaining employee health and improving productivity. Ergonomics, the science of adapting the work environment to human needs, provides essential insights for achieving these goals. Proper integration of ergonomic principles in workstation design can significantly reduce the risk of work-related injuries, improve comfort and performance, and contribute to the overall well-being of employees (Hedge et al., 2011). This article focuses on the importance of integrating ergonomics science in office workstation design, reviewing current research in the field and presenting guiding principles for implementation. We will examine the physical and cognitive effects of the work environment on employees and discuss the benefits of a research-based ergonomic approach. Additionally, we will address the economic and health implications of implementing these principles and present challenges and opportunities in this field.

Theoretical Background

Development of Ergonomics Science

Ergonomics developed during the 20th century as an interdisciplinary field of research combining knowledge from psychology, physiology, human factors engineering, and industrial design. Its primary goal is to adapt the work environment to the physical and cognitive needs of the worker, aiming to improve performance and reduce the risk of injuries (Bridger, 2018). With the advancement of technology and changes in work environments, ergonomics has also evolved and adapted to the new challenges of the digital age.

Importance of Ergonomics in the Office Environment

Numerous studies have emphasized the importance of applying ergonomic principles in the office environment. For example, Vink et al. (2012) found that ergonomic improvements in office workstations led to a significant decrease in complaints of back, neck, and shoulder pain among employees. Additionally, Robertson et al. (2013) showed that the use of adjustable office furniture and implementation of ergonomic training improved employee comfort and productivity.

Guiding Principles for Ergonomic Design of Office Workstations

Chair Adjustment

The chair is one of the most important components in an office workstation. A suitable chair